粮食

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糧食指可以食的穀物。粮食有基本是属于禾本科植物，所含營養物質主要為醣類，主要是澱粉，其次是蛋白質。

联合国粮食及农业组织（下称粮农组织）的粮食概念就是指谷物，包括麦类、粗粮和稻谷类三大类。

粮食主要包括：

此外尚有作为补充主食用的粮食作物：

生产

The following table shows annual production of major cereal grains, in 1961[1] and 2005, ranked by 2005 production.[2] All but buckwheat and quinoa are true grasses (these two are pseudocereals).

Grain 2005 (Mt) 1961 (Mt)
玉米 711,762,871 205,004,683 A staple food of peoples in North America, South America, and Africa and of livestock worldwide; often called "corn" or "Indian corn" in North America, Australia, and New Zealand.
小麦 630,556,602 222,357,231 The primary cereal of temperate regions
稻[3] 621,588,528 284,654,697 The primary cereal of tropical regions
大麦 139,220,431 72,411,104 Grown for malting and livestock on land too poor or too cold for wheat
高粱 59,722,088 40,931,625 Important staple food in Asia and Africa and popular worldwide for livestock
小米 30,302,450 25,703,968 A group of similar but distinct cereals that form an important staple food in Asia and Africa.
燕麦 24,032,521 49,588,769 Formerly the staple food of Scotland and popular worldwide for livestock
黑麥 15,202,142 35,109,990 Important in cold climates
小黑麥 12,962,777 0 Hybrid of wheat and rye, grown similarly to rye
蕎麥 2,127,823 2,478,596 Used in Europe and Asia. Major uses include various pancakes and groats
Fonio 284,578 178,483 Several varieties of which are grown as food crops in Africa
藜麥 58,443 32,435 Ancient pseudocereal, grown in the Andes
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来自“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F”

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